diff --git a/modules/core/sovran-manage-domains.nix b/modules/core/sovran-manage-domains.nix
index 0989c7d..14aa2b7 100644
--- a/modules/core/sovran-manage-domains.nix
+++ b/modules/core/sovran-manage-domains.nix
@@ -22,17 +22,17 @@ let
   confirmDomain = name: ''
     while true; do
       echo ""
-      echo -e "  ''${YELLOW}You entered:''${NC}"
-      echo -e "    Domain:   ''${CYAN}$DOMAIN''${NC}"
+      printf "%b%s%b\n" "$YELLOW" "  You entered:" "$NC"
+      printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "    Domain:   $DOMAIN" "$NC"
       if [ -n "''${DDNS_DISPLAY:-}" ]; then
-        echo -e "    DDNS URL: ''${CYAN}$DDNS_DISPLAY''${NC}"
+        printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "    DDNS URL: $DDNS_DISPLAY" "$NC"
       fi
       echo ""
       read -p "  Is this correct? (y/n): " CONFIRM
       case "$CONFIRM" in
         [yY])
           echo "$DOMAIN" > "/var/lib/domains/${name}"
-          echo -e "  ''${GREEN}Saved.''${NC}"
+          printf "%b%s%b\n" "$GREEN" "  Saved." "$NC"
           break
           ;;
         [nN])
@@ -53,11 +53,11 @@ let
       REDO=false
       DDNS_DISPLAY=""
       echo ""
-      echo -e "''${GREEN}── ${d.label} ──''${NC}"
+      printf "%b%s%b\n" "$GREEN" "── ${d.label} ──" "$NC"
       EXISTING=""
       if [ -f "/var/lib/domains/${d.name}" ]; then
         EXISTING=$(cat "/var/lib/domains/${d.name}")
-        echo -e "  Current: ''${CYAN}$EXISTING''${NC}"
+        printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "  Current: $EXISTING" "$NC"
       fi
       read -p "  Subdomain (e.g. ${d.example}) or Enter to keep current: " DOMAIN_INPUT
       DOMAIN="''${DOMAIN_INPUT:-$EXISTING}"
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ $PENDING_NJALLA"
         REDO=false
         DDNS_DISPLAY=""
         echo ""
-        echo -e "''${GREEN}── ${d.label} (NEW) ──''${NC}"
+        printf "%b%s%b\n" "$GREEN" "── ${d.label} (NEW) ──" "$NC"
         read -p "  Subdomain (e.g. ${d.example}): " DOMAIN
 
         if [ -n "$DOMAIN" ]; then
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ $PENDING_NJALLA"
 
   domainSummary = lib.concatMapStringsSep "\n" (d: ''
     if [ -f "/var/lib/domains/${d.name}" ]; then
-      echo "  ${d.label}: $(cat /var/lib/domains/${d.name})"
+      printf "%b%s%b\n" "$NC" "  ${d.label}: $(cat /var/lib/domains/${d.name})" "$NC"
     fi
   '') domains;
 
@@ -132,18 +132,18 @@ $PENDING_NJALLA"
     DOLLAR='$'
 
     echo ""
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}══════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}  Sovran_SystemsOS — Domain & DDNS Setup''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}══════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "  Sovran_SystemsOS — Domain & DDNS Setup" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
     echo ""
-    echo -e "''${YELLOW}Before running this, you need:''${NC}"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$YELLOW" "Before running this, you need:" "$NC"
     echo ""
     echo "  1. Domains/subdomains purchased on https://njal.la"
     echo "  2. For each subdomain, add a Dynamic record in"
     echo "     your Njal.la dashboard."
     echo "  3. Njal.la will give you a curl command like:"
     echo ""
-    echo -e "     ''${CYAN}curl \"https://njal.la/update/?h=sub.domain.com&k=abc123&auto\"''${NC}"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "     curl \"https://njal.la/update/?h=sub.domain.com&k=abc123&auto\"" "$NC"
     echo ""
     echo "  Have those curl commands ready."
     echo ""
@@ -161,26 +161,26 @@ $PENDING_NJALLA"
     while [ "$REDO" = true ]; do
       REDO=false
       echo ""
-      echo -e "''${GREEN}── SSL Certificate Email ──''${NC}"
+      printf "%b%s%b\n" "$GREEN" "── SSL Certificate Email ──" "$NC"
       echo "Let's Encrypt needs an email for certificate notifications."
       EXISTING_EMAIL=""
       if [ -f "/var/lib/domains/sslemail" ]; then
         EXISTING_EMAIL=$(cat /var/lib/domains/sslemail)
-        echo -e "  Current: ''${CYAN}$EXISTING_EMAIL''${NC}"
+        printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "  Current: $EXISTING_EMAIL" "$NC"
       fi
       read -p "  Email address (or Enter to keep current): " EMAIL_INPUT
       SSL_EMAIL="''${EMAIL_INPUT:-$EXISTING_EMAIL}"
       if [ -n "$SSL_EMAIL" ]; then
         while true; do
           echo ""
-          echo -e "  ''${YELLOW}You entered:''${NC}"
-          echo -e "    Email: ''${CYAN}$SSL_EMAIL''${NC}"
+          printf "%b%s%b\n" "$YELLOW" "  You entered:" "$NC"
+          printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "    Email: $SSL_EMAIL" "$NC"
           echo ""
           read -p "  Is this correct? (y/n): " CONFIRM
           case "$CONFIRM" in
             [yY])
               echo "$SSL_EMAIL" > /var/lib/domains/sslemail
-              echo -e "  ''${GREEN}Saved.''${NC}"
+              printf "%b%s%b\n" "$GREEN" "  Saved." "$NC"
               break
               ;;
             [nN])
@@ -201,9 +201,9 @@ $PENDING_NJALLA"
 
     # ── Final review ──────────────────────────────────
     echo ""
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}══════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}  Review All Entries''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}══════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "  Review All Entries" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
     echo ""
     echo "  Configured domains:"
     ${domainSummary}
@@ -218,14 +218,14 @@ $PENDING_NJALLA"
     read -p "  Does everything look correct? (y/n): " FINAL_CONFIRM
     if [ "$FINAL_CONFIRM" != "y" ] && [ "$FINAL_CONFIRM" != "Y" ]; then
       echo ""
-      echo -e "  ''${YELLOW}Setup cancelled. Run 'sudo sovran-setup-domains' to start over.''${NC}"
+      printf "%b%s%b\n" "$YELLOW" "  Setup cancelled. Run 'sudo sovran-setup-domains' to start over." "$NC"
       echo ""
       exit 1
     fi
 
     # ── Write njalla.sh ───────────────────────────────
     echo ""
-    echo -e "''${GREEN}── Generating DDNS script ──''${NC}"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$GREEN" "── Generating DDNS script ──" "$NC"
 
     cat > /var/lib/njalla/njalla.sh <<SCRIPT
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
@@ -244,20 +244,20 @@ SCRIPT
       echo "  DNS records updated."
     fi
 
-    # ── Mark setup complete ───────────────────────────
+    # ── Mark setup complete ──────────────────────��────
     touch /var/lib/domains/.setup-complete
 
     # ── Summary ───────────────────────────────────────
     echo ""
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}══════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}  Setup Complete!''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}══════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "  Setup Complete!" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
     echo ""
     echo "  Domain files:   /var/lib/domains/"
     echo "  DDNS script:    /var/lib/njalla/njalla.sh"
     echo "  DDNS cron:      Every 15 minutes (already configured)"
     echo ""
-    echo -e "''${YELLOW}  Rebuilding to activate services with new domains...''${NC}"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$YELLOW" "  Rebuilding to activate services with new domains..." "$NC"
     echo ""
     nixos-rebuild switch --flake /etc/nixos#nixos
   '';
@@ -276,9 +276,9 @@ SCRIPT
     PENDING_NJALLA=""
 
     echo ""
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}══════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}  Sovran_SystemsOS — New Feature Domains''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}══════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "  Sovran_SystemsOS — New Feature Domains" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
     echo ""
     echo "  Checking for newly enabled features that need domains..."
 
@@ -289,16 +289,16 @@ SCRIPT
 
     if [ "$MISSING" = false ]; then
       echo ""
-      echo -e "''${GREEN}  All domains are already configured. Nothing to do.''${NC}"
+      printf "%b%s%b\n" "$GREEN" "  All domains are already configured. Nothing to do." "$NC"
       echo ""
       exit 0
     fi
 
     # ── Final review ──────────────────────────────────
     echo ""
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}══════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}  Review New Entries''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}══════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "  Review New Entries" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
     echo ""
     echo "  All configured domains:"
     ${domainSummary}
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ SCRIPT
     read -p "  Does everything look correct? (y/n): " FINAL_CONFIRM
     if [ "$FINAL_CONFIRM" != "y" ] && [ "$FINAL_CONFIRM" != "Y" ]; then
       echo ""
-      echo -e "  ''${YELLOW}Setup cancelled. Run 'sudo sovran-add-domains' to start over.''${NC}"
+      printf "%b%s%b\n" "$YELLOW" "  Setup cancelled. Run 'sudo sovran-add-domains' to start over." "$NC"
       echo ""
       exit 1
     fi
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ SCRIPT
     # ── Append new entries to njalla.sh ───────────────
     if [ -n "$NEW_NJALLA_ENTRIES" ]; then
       echo ""
-      echo -e "''${GREEN}── Updating DDNS script ──''${NC}"
+      printf "%b%s%b\n" "$GREEN" "── Updating DDNS script ──" "$NC"
 
       if [ -f /var/lib/njalla/njalla.sh ]; then
         echo "$NEW_NJALLA_ENTRIES" >> /var/lib/njalla/njalla.sh
@@ -346,16 +346,16 @@ SCRIPT
 
     # ── Summary ───────────────────────────────────────
     echo ""
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}═��════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}  New Domains Added!''${NC}"
-    echo -e "''${CYAN}══════════════════════════════════════════════''${NC}"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "  New Domains Added!" "$NC"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$CYAN" "══════════════════════════════════════════════" "$NC"
     echo ""
     echo "  All configured domains:"
     ${domainSummary}
     echo ""
-    echo -e "''${YELLOW}  Rebuilding to activate services with new domains...''${NC}"
+    printf "%b%s%b\n" "$YELLOW" "  Rebuilding to activate services with new domains..." "$NC"
     echo ""
-    nixos-rebuild switch --flake /etc/nixos#nixos
+    nixos-rebuild switch --impure
   '';
 
   needsSetup = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "sovran-domains-need-setup" ''